Anatomy and Physiology Study Guide for Unit 2 Essay Example for Free

Anatomy and Physiology Study flow for Unit 2 Essay1) What argon the parts of an atom? Where are the subatomic particles found? Protons, neutrons, and electrons. In the nucleus and on the orbitals and sub-orbitals of the atom.2) How does the Atomic Mass differ from the Atomic ?Atomic mass is the sum of entirely protons and neutrons in the atoms nucleus. The atomic is equal to the number of protons in an atom. 3) What is an isotope? Give an model (show how it is an isotope). An isotope is a radioactive form of an element or a form of an element with the analogous atomic and the same amount of protons but a different atomic mass and a different amount of neutrons. An physical exercise would be deuterium. Its atomic number is 1 and it has 1 neutron. Its atomic mass number is 2 and it is an isotope of hydrogen. 4) equation and contrast the 3 basic types of chemical bonds and give an example of each. Ionic, Covalent, and Hydrogen. Ionic bonds form between atoms with pivotal electrical charges. An example of an ionic bond is sodium chloride. Covalent bonds occur when atoms share forming molecules.Carbon dioxide is an example of a covalent bond. Hydrogen bonds are weak attractions between the positive, hydrogen side of one diametric molecule and the negative side of another polar molecule. DNA is effected by hydrogen bonds. 5) why is pH important in Anatomy?Low pH damage cadres and tissues, alters proteins and interferes with normal physiological functions. senior high school pH likewise causes problems, but occurs rarely. pH is highly important to anatomy because they intertwine with the internal aid of the body 6.9) Name the 4 main Organic Molecules in Biochemistry. Describe each one, and provide an example. What are the building blocks of each molecule? For example, protein = Amino Acid.The 4 organic molecules in biochemistry are proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, and nucleic acids. The building blocks of the 4 molecules are as followed Proteins = A mino Acids. Lipids= fatty acid and glycerol. Carbohydrates= monosaccharides, polysaccharides, disaccharides. Nucleic acids = nucleotides.10) There are 4 levels of protein organize. What are the levels? How do the levels of a protein differ in structure andfunction? The 4 levels of protein structure are primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary. The levels of proteins differ in structure in function as followed Primary- the order of amino acidsSecondary- hydrogen bonds formTertiary- folds the secondary structureQuaternary- several tertiary structures together11) Describe the structure of ATP and why it is important?Cells require heartiness to function. Energy is stored in high-energy bonds connecting a inorganic orthophosphate group to an organic molecule. Adding a third phosphate group to ADP and produces the high-energy-compound adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Breaking off ATPs third phosphate releases the stored energy of the phosphate bond, providing energy for work. 12) Why is the plasma membrane important to cellular telephones.Plasma membrane is important to cells because it provides the support and protective cover that the cell needs and it also shapes the cell. 13-17) Name 5 cell organelles and their functions.Nucleus- the control center of the cell.Mitochondrion- converts nutrients into energy that the cell can use Chloroplasts- converts radiant energy into chemical energy Ribosomes- synthesize proteinsLysosomes- responsible for the digestion of materials that are brought into the cell. They also break d have got old or non-functioning organelles.18) Describe the structure of DNA. DNA is a double scroll resembling a spiraling staircase, with sugars and phosphates as the side rails and nucleotide pairs as the steps. The two halves of the DNA spiral are complementary strands.19) How does DNA differ from RNA?DNA stays within the nucleus of the cell turn RNA travels. DNA has thymine and RNA has uracil. 20) Describe transcription and translation in your own words. Transcription is changing DNA to RNA. Translationis changing mRNA to a protein. 21) How are mitosis and meiosis standardised..different?The result of mitosis is 2 cells while meiosis results in 4 cells. Meiosis deals with sexual reproduction while mitosis deals with asexual reproduction.